Furlough - Equity vs Efficiency

The Air Force Times is reporting that the Pentagon has reduced the number of furlough days from 22 to 14.​ According to the article, some services may have been able to eliminate furloughs completely:

While some of the military services initially considered eliminating the furloughs altogether, senior leaders argued that since not all the services could do that, it would be better to treat all civilians across the defense department equally.

One of the central topics in economics is the tradeoff between equity and efficiency.

​How do you see this tradeoff affecting the Pentagon? Also, I wonder which service held out against complete elimination.

Congressional Budget Office - Approaches for Scaling Back on the Defense Department’s Budget Plans

The Congressional Budget Office (CBO) has posted a report on March 18 that outlines four options for reducing defense spending:

  1. Preserve Force Structure; Cut Acquisition and Operations
  2. Cut Acquisition and Operations; Phase in Reductions in Force Structure
  3. Achieve Savings Primarily by Reducing Force Structure
  4. Reduce Force Structure Under a Modified Set of Budget Caps

Which option do you agree with and why? Which of these options is most politically expedient? Which will result in the best long-term outcome? Who are the winners and losers for each option?